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The Jesuit College of Ingolstadt ((ドイツ語:Jesuitenkolleg Ingolstadt)) was a Jesuit school in Ingolstadt, in the Duchy and Electorate of Bavaria, founded in 1556, that operated until the suppression of the Jesuit Order in 1773. The college was the headquarters of the Jesuits in Germany, and became a center of the Counter-Reformation. Many of its members taught at the University of Ingolstadt. ==Early years== The University of Ingolstadt was founded in 1472 by Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria (1417–79). William IV, Duke of Bavaria, (1493–1550) arranged with Ignatius of Loyola for three Jesuits to lecture at the University in 1549. They were Alfonso Salmerón (1515–85) of Spain, Claude Le Jay (c. 1504–52) of Savoy and Peter Canisius (1521–97) of the Netherlands. Canisius was elected first dean and then rector of the theological faculty, and from 1551–52 was vice-chancellor. However, by February 1552 the three Jesuits had moved on to new assignments. In 1555 Peter Canisius agreed with Albert V, Duke of Bavaria, (1528–79) on the terms for establishing the Jesuit college. The initial concept of this and other early Jesuit colleges was that they should be endowed, giving them an assured income. They would be near a university but not formally associated with it. The college would provide accommodation for scholastics, who would attend the university or other colleges for classes. Ignatius of Loyola provided detailed instructions to the 18 Jesuits that were sent from Rome in 1556. He recommended that the fathers treated the local authorities with great respect and do all they could to obtain the support of influential people. Peter Canisius was the first head of the college, from 1555 until he moved to Switzerland in 1580. Ignatius established the German province of the Society of Jesus in 1556 and appointed Canisius as its first leader. There were delays in constructing a building for the college due to financial problems. Work on the ''Collegium Albertinum'' eventually started in 1569 and was complete in 1574. The Jesuits occupied the college in 1576. That year the Jesuits founded the establishment of ''Convictus sancti Ignatii martyris'' (believers in Saint Ignatius of Antioch). The ''Albertinum'' was initially a college of the University of Ingolstadt, but in 1599 it was incorporated into the Jesuit college as a seminary. The seminarians could attend the university courses. The college became the center of the Jesuits in Germany. In 1589 Biburg Abbey, which had been closed since 1555 and held under sovereign administration, was given to the college. In 1591 the former Münchsmünster Abbey was given to the college as an endowment. The Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome held an image of the Virgin and Child attributed to Saint Luke. In the 6th century it was carried through the streets of Rome during an outbreak of plague. Around 1575 Francis Borgia donated a copy of the painting of ''Maria-Schnee'' (Mary of the Snows) to the college. This was a carefully made copy of the icon. In 1595 Father Jakob Rem founded the ''Colloquium Marianum'' during the dedication of a new altar at the Jesuit College of Ingolstadt. The image of the Virgin was placed above the altar On 6 April 1604, according to a Jesuit chronicle, the Virgin Mary appeared in a vision to father Jakob, who was moved to ask the choir to repeat the phrase ''Mater admirablis'' three times to please the Virgin. This repetition became a set part of the litany of the Colloquists. The icon, which was given the name Mater ter admirabilis after the miraculous event, became the focus for Marian devotion in the college. It was used during the Counter-Reformation as justification of the cult of images. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jesuit College of Ingolstadt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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